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Ukuthembela ixesha elide kwizixhobo ze-thermoset carbon-fiber ukwenza iindawo ezinamandla kakhulu ezidityanisiweyo zenqwelomoya, ii-OEM ze-aerospace ngoku zamkela olunye udidi lwezixhobo ze-carbon-fiber njengoko inkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji ithembisa ukuveliswa okuzenzekelayo kweendawo ezingezizo i-thermoset ngomthamo ophezulu, ngexabiso eliphantsi, kwaye. ubunzima obulula.

Ngelixa izixhobo ze-thermoplastic carbon-fiber composite "zikho ixesha elide," kutsha nje abavelisi be-aerospace banokujonga ukusetyenziswa kwabo ngokubanzi ekwenzeni iinxalenye zenqwelomoya, kubandakanywa nezakheko eziphambili, utshilo uStephane Dion, vp ubunjineli kwiyunithi ye-Advanced Structures kaCollins Aerospace.

Iicomposites ze-Thermoplastic carbon-fiber zinokubonelela ngee-OEMs ze-aerospace iinzuzo ezininzi ngaphezulu kwe-thermoset composite, kodwa kude kube mva nje abavelisi abakwazanga ukwenza iinxalenye ze-thermoplastic composite ngexabiso eliphezulu nangexabiso eliphantsi, utshilo.

Kule minyaka mihlanu idlulileyo, ii-OEMs ziqalisile ukujonga ngaphaya kokwenza iinxalenye ezivela kwizixhobo ze-thermoset njengoko imeko ye-carbon-fiber composite inxalenye yokuvelisa isayensi iphuhlisiwe, kuqala ukusebenzisa ukufakwa kwe-resin kunye nokubunjwa kwe-resin transfer (RTM) ubuchule bokwenza iindawo zenqwelomoya, kwaye emva koko. ukusebenzisa i-thermoplastic composites.

I-GKN Aerospace ityale imali eninzi ekuphuhliseni i-resin-infusion yayo kunye nobuchwepheshe be-RTM ukwenzela ukuveliswa kwezinto ezinkulu zesakhiwo seenqwelomoya ngokufikelelekayo kunye namazinga aphezulu. I-GKN ngoku yenza i-17 yeemitha ubude, i-single-piece composite wing spar isebenzisa ukuveliswa kwe-resin infusion, ngokutsho kukaMax Brown, i-vp yeteknoloji ye-GKN Aerospace's Horizon 3 initiative advanced-technologies.

Utyalo-mali olunzima lwe-OEMs 'olunzima lokwenziwa kwemveliso kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo lukwabandakanye ukuchitha imali ngobuchule ekuphuhliseni amandla okuvumela ukwenziwa komthamo ophezulu wamalungu e-thermoplastic, ngokutsho kukaDion.

Owona mahluko uphawuleka kakhulu phakathi kwezixhobo ze-thermoset kunye ne-thermoplastic ukwinto yokuba izinto ze-thermoset kufuneka zigcinwe kwindawo ebandayo ngaphambi kokuba zibunjwe zibe ziinxalenye, kwaye xa sele zibunjiwe, inxalenye ye-thermoset kufuneka inyangwe iiyure ezininzi kwi-autoclave. Iinkqubo zifuna amandla amaninzi kunye nexesha, kwaye ke iindleko zokuvelisa iingxenye ze-thermoset zivame ukuhlala ziphezulu.

Ukunyanga kuguqula i-molecular structure ye-thermoset composite ngokungenakuguquleka, inika inxalenye amandla ayo. Nangona kunjalo, kwinqanaba langoku lophuhliso lwetekhnoloji, ukunyanga kwakhona kwenza ukuba izinto eziyinxalenye zingakulungelanga ukuphinda zisetyenziswe kwicandelo eliphambili lolwakhiwo.

Nangona kunjalo, izixhobo ze-thermoplastic azifuni ukugcinwa okubandayo okanye ukubhaka xa zenziwe ngamalungu, ngokutsho kukaDion. Ziyakwazi isitampu kwisimo sokugqibela senxalenye elula-zonke izibiyeli zezakhelo ze-fuselage kwi-Airbus A350 yinxalenye ye-thermoplastic composite-okanye kwinqanaba eliphakathi lecandelo elinzima kakhulu.

Iimathiriyeli ze-Thermoplastic zinokudityaniswa kunye ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, zivumela iindawo ezintsonkothileyo, ezinokwakheka okuphezulu ukuba zenziwe kwizinto ezilula ezincinci. Namhlanje i-welding ye-induction isetyenziswa kakhulu, evumela kuphela iindawo ezisicaba, ezinobunzima obungaguqukiyo ukuba zenziwe kwiindawo ezincinci, ngokutsho kukaDion. Nangona kunjalo, uCollins uphuhlisa ubuchule bokushukuma kunye ne-friction welding yokujoyina i-thermoplastic parts, ethe yakuba iqinisekisiwe ukuba ilindele ukuba ekugqibeleni ivumele ukuba ivelise "izakhiwo ezinzima ngokwenene," watsho.

Ukukwazi ukuwelda kunye imathiriyeli ye-thermoplastic ukwenza izakhiwo ezintsonkothileyo kuvumela abavelisi ukuba basuse izikrufu zentsimbi, iziqhoboshi, kunye neehenjisi ezifunwa ngamalungu e-thermoset ukudibanisa nokusonga, ngaloo ndlela kudala inzuzo yokunciphisa ubunzima malunga neepesenti ezili-10, uqikelelo lweBrown.

Nangona kunjalo, i-thermoplastic composites idibanisa ngcono kwisinyithi kune-thermoset composites, ngokukaBrown. Ngelixa i-R&D yemizi-mveliso ejolise ekuphuhliseni izicelo ezisebenzayo zepropathi ye-thermoplastic isahlala "kwinqanaba lokulungela itekhnoloji yokukhula kwangoko," inokuvumela iinjineli ze-aerospace ukuba ziyile izinto eziqulathe ubume obuhlanganisiweyo be-thermoplastic kunye nesinyithi.

Isicelo esinye esinokubakho, umzekelo, sinokuba sisiqwenga esinye, isitulo somkhweli wenqwelomoya ekhaphukhaphu esiqulethe zonke iisekethe ezisekwe kwintsimbi efunekayo kujongano olusetyenziswa ngumkhweli ukukhetha nokulawula ukhetho lwakhe lokuzonwabisa lokubhabha, ukukhanya kwesitulo, ifeni ephezulu. , isitulo esilawulwa ngombane, ukuvuleka komthunzi wefestile, kunye neminye imisebenzi.

Ngokungafaniyo nezixhobo ze-thermoset, ezifuna ukunyangwa ukuze zivelise ukuqina, amandla, kunye nokumila okufunekayo kwiindawo ezenziwe kuzo, ulwakhiwo lweemolekyuli zezinto ezidityanisiweyo ze-thermoplastic azitshintshi xa zenziwe zibe ngamalungu, ngokukaDion.

Ngenxa yoko, iimathiriyeli ze-thermoplastic ziyakwazi ukumelana nokwaphuka ngakumbi kwimpembelelo kunemathiriyeli ye-thermoset ngelixa zibonelela ngokufanayo, ukuba azinamandla, ukuqina kunye namandla. “Ke ngoko ungayila [amacandelo] ukuya kwiigeyiji ezibhityileyo kakhulu,” utshilo uDion, oku kuthetha ukuba iinxalenye ze-thermoplastic zinobunzima obungaphantsi kunawo nawaphi na amalungu e-thermoset athatha indawo yawo, nangaphandle kokwehliswa kobunzima okongeziweyo okubangelwa kukuba iindawo ze-thermoplastic azifuni izikrufu zentsimbi okanye iziqhoboshi. .

Ukurisayikilishwa kwamalungu e-thermoplastic kufuneka kwakhona kubonakalise inkqubo elula kunokuhlaziya iindawo ze-thermoset. Kwimeko yangoku yetekhnoloji (kunye nexesha elizayo), utshintsho olungenakuguqulwa kwisakhiwo seemolekyuli eziveliswa ngokunyanga izixhobo ze-thermoset zithintela ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezihlaziyiweyo ukwenza iinxalenye ezintsha zamandla alinganayo.

Ukurisayikilishwa kweendawo ze-thermoset kubandakanya ukucola iintsinga zekhabhoni kwizinto zibe bubude obuncinci kwaye utshise umxube wefiber-and-resin ngaphambi kokuwuphinda usebenze. Isixhobo esifunyenweyo ukuze siphinde sisetyenzwe sibuthathaka ngokwesakhiwo kunemathiriyeli ye-thermoset apho indawo esetyenzisiweyo yenziwe ngokutsha, ngoko ke ukuphinda kusetyenziswe iinxalenye ze-thermoset zibe ezintsha ngokuqhelekileyo kuguqulela "isakhiwo sesibini sibe senqanaba lesithathu," utshilo uBrown.

Kwelinye icala, ngenxa yokuba ulwakhiwo lweemolekyuli zamalungu e-thermoplastic alutshintshi kwiinkqubo zokwenziwa kwamalungu kunye neenxalenye zokujoyina, zinokunyibilika zibe yimo yolwelo kwaye ziphinde zenziwe zibe ngamalungu aqine njengezokuqala, ngokukaDion.

Abaqulunqi beenqwelomoya banokukhetha kukhetho olubanzi lwezinto ezahlukeneyo ze-thermoplastic ezikhoyo ukukhetha kuzo ekuyileni nasekuveliseni iindawo. "Uluhlu olubanzi lweeresin" luyafumaneka apho i-carbon fiber filaments ene-dimensional one-dimensional okanye i-weave-dimensional weave inokubethelwa, ivelise iipropathi zezinto ezahlukeneyo, utshilo uDion. “Ezona ntlaka zinika umdla ziintlaka ezinyibilikayo ezisezantsi,” ezinyibilika kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi ngoko ke zinokubunjwa kwaye zenziwe kumaqondo asezantsi.

Iiklasi ezahlukeneyo ze-thermoplastics zikwabonelela ngeempawu ezahlukeneyo zokuqina (eziphezulu, eziphakathi, kunye neziphantsi) kunye nomgangatho jikelele, ngokutsho kukaDion. I-resins ephezulu kakhulu ixabisa kakhulu, kwaye ukufikeleleka kubonisa isithende se-Achilles se-thermoplastics xa kuthelekiswa nezixhobo ze-thermoset. Ngokuqhelekileyo, zibiza ngaphezu kwe-thermosets, kwaye abavelisi beenqwelo-moya kufuneka baqwalasele loo nto kwiindleko zabo / i-benefit design calculations, utshilo uBrown.

Inxalenye yeso sizathu, i-GKN Aerospace kunye nabanye baya kuqhubeka nokugxila kakhulu kwizinto ze-thermoset xa kusenziwa iindawo ezinkulu zesakhiwo seenqwelomoya. Sele besebenzisa imathiriyeli ye-thermoplastic ngokubanzi ekwenzeni iindawo ezincinci zesakhiwo ezifana ne-empennages, i-rudders, kunye nabaphangi. Kungekudala, nangona kunjalo, xa ukuveliswa kwe-volume ephezulu, ngexabiso eliphantsi kwamalungu e-thermoplastic ekhaphukhaphu iba yinto eqhelekileyo, abavelisi baya kuzisebenzisa ngokubanzi ngakumbi-ingakumbi kwimarike ye-eVTOL UAM ekhulayo, waqukumbela ngelithi uDion.

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